Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit FRS was a physicist, inventor, and scientific instrument maker. Fahrenheit was born in Danzig, then a predominantly German-speaking city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, born in Dutch Republic [now in the Netherlands]), Polish-born Dutch physicist and maker of scientific instruments. He is best known for inventing the alcohol thermometer (1709) and mercury thermometer (1714) and for developing the Fahrenheit temperature scale; this scale is still commonly used in the United States.
Gabriel Fahrenheit was the son of a well-to-do merchant. He lost both parents on the same day, and was thereafter apprenticed to a shopkeeper in Amsterdam. After completing a term of 4 years there, he turned to physics and became an instrument maker and glassblower. Although he lived in Amsterdam most of his life, he traveled widely and spent considerable time in England, where he became a member of the Royal Society.

Fahrenheit spent most of his life in the manufacture of precision meteorological instruments.Fahrenheit also discovered the phenomenon of supercooling of water, that is, cooling water to below its normal freezing point without converting it to ice and that the boiling point of liquids varies with atmospheric pressure.